Machine for twisting crank-shafts.



i.: 0.0.DODGE- y MACHINE POB. TWISTING GRANK SHAFTS.

APPLICATION FILED FBB.1Z, 1914,

Patented July 28, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

. Dogge lnx/enter G. C. D'QDGE. Y

MACHINE POR TWISTING CRANK sHAY-Ts.

.APPLICATION FILED FEB. 12, 1314.v Patented July 28, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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0.0.DUDGB- MACHINE FOR TWSTING CRNK SHAFTS. i

'APPLICATION rum) 21:12.12, 1914. v v

Patented July 28, 1914.

. 4 mme-ausm i.

C. C. DODGE. MACHINE FOB. TWISIING GRN-K SHAFTS.

AIEPLIOATION FILED EESAE.. 19111. 1,105, 1 88.

wy/mess as Q4.

UNITD sfr CHARLES. C. DQDWs tUGRESfE-a. lii

MACHINE FOR-'y LWISTING Speeltcation of Letters Ee tent.

'ftatented July 28, 1914.

aplicasion mei eebn'iary 1e. wie.

To all 'whom it may concern:

-Be it, known that' I, CHARLES C. Denon, a citizen .ofthe1fUnited` States, and a resident oworcester, inthe-county of lVorceste-r and .State ofrfMaSSafthuAsetta'have invented cer- Aforging mustthereafter be twisted iii order to locate the each other.

The object of the present invention is to provide a machine by which the forging after a single heating, may be properly twisted and the pins accurately located according to the design of the shaft.

The invention is capable of a variety of embodiments, but I have illustrated upon the drawin s and shall hereinafter describe the best em odiment of the invention now known to me.

Ref .ing to the said drawings,--Figure 1 represents in side elevation a crank-shafttwisting machine embodying the invention. Fig. 2 represents a plan view of the same, partially in section. Fig. 3 represents a view of the tailend of the machine. Fig. 4 represents a longitudinal section throiighthe machine. Fi .-5 represents a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.` Fig. 6 represents a similar section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4. Firr. 7 represents a face elevation of the holting vise and shows the device for centering thc shaft.- Fig. 8 shows in side elevation and in section one of the vise locks. Figs. 9, 10, 1l., 12,)3 and 14 illustrate successive steps inpins at the proper angles to' 40 twisting-the shaftto locate the crank pins at the proper (angles, Fi s. 10, 12 and 14 being end views of the sha t as shown in Figs. 9, 11 and l. Figs.` 15, 16 and 17 showl the position of the clamps of the twisting vise after the latter has twisted various portions of the crank shaft.7 Figs. 18 to 21, inclusive, show the controlling mechanism for the mo-l a side elevation partially in section on the' ine 18-'18 of Fig. 19.

The machine, which illustrates one ein bodiment of the invention, comprises, generally speaking, a rotatable twisting vise, a relatively stationary vise for holding that portion of the forging which is to be twisted in ,alinement with the axis of the twisting and@ tail clamp or vise for holding the main body the forging. These parts are all-supported upon a suitable bed, mechanism being provided' for moving the holdin vise. longitudinally of the machine toward and from the twisting vise. The tail vise is movable longitudinally of the machine and laterally thereof, it being necessary' not only to advance the forging longitudinally of the machine, but also to more it laterally to osition the part to be twisted in the axis o the twisting These relative movements could easily be secured by moving any of the 4three 3l-eme' s to which I have referred, but', for the il.; t convenience of construction and design, it preferable thatthe twisting vise be mona* 'o in tired bearings,in which event the held. l

ransverse movement, but e of movement toward and from the mi vise. For the same reason, therefore, it is desirable that the tail vise should capable of both lateral and longitudinal movement, as stated. I provide ineciiai'iisni for rotating they twisting ig vise should likewise be.

vise by power and for stopping Athe mpv'ement ythereoI at predetermined pomts in its rotation. For instance, it is desirable to twist Sonie portions of the forging through an arc o 3G, and others through an arco! 60 in twisting a six-crank shaft. While the holding vise and tail vise may be moved by power transmitted Yfrom a suitable power mechanism., yet this is not essential and the machine, as shown, is provided with means by which elements may be moved from manually-driven shafts.

The bed of the machine is indicated at 20 and is of the box type, being shown as su ported at its ends bv pedestals or standards 21, 22. At the head of the b'ed there is affixed n split bearing 23, (the split permitting expansion of the bearing). This bearing has a relatively large internal diameter, anditnisshown as secui'ed by bolts 24 to the end of the bed. Asa detail of construction, it may be noted that the central lower portion of the bearing is bolted to a plate 25 which in turn is bolted to a transverse rib 2G extendingI across the bottom of the bed. The bearing, stated, is split, and the adjacent lngs 2T are held together by powerful springs 28 which are located between the head or vise, `sfiicu comprises an annular otod upon a pin 69 projecting om the face of thecarriage. l

Theal vise, as have already stated, may be fed longitudinally of the bed and also transversely-thereof. This vise comprises a carriage 70 which is adapted to slide longitudinally of the bed upon ways or shears 71 formed on the upper edges of the side walls of the bed. Said carriage has aprons 72 which project downwardly and overlap the outer faces ofthe said side walls Journaled in the aprons ,are two shafts 73, 73, each of which is provided with a crank handle 74 by which it may be rotated. On each shaft there is a pinion 75 located be hind 'theaprom and intermeshing with a rack 76 secured under the undercut portion of the way or shear 7'1. By lrevolving either of the crank handles 74, the carriage may be fed longitudinally of the bed. It willbe observed, by an inspectionof Fig. 1, that the apron 72'projects rearwardly from the carriage and that the 'shaft 73 isjournaled in a vertical plane in the rear of the main body of the carriage. This is to counterbalance pressure exerted on the tail vise by the work, when the latter is ,sup orted wholly by the tail vise. The upper ortion of the carriage is provided with'tra'nsver'se guides latter being held in place by a gib 791', This cross slide is moved transversely of thelbed by a screw shaft 80 journaled in the "earnage 70.and engaging a nut 81 formed on or secured to the underside of the cross slide. 0n the projecting end of the screw bar there is a crank handle 82 by which it may be ro tated. Upon 'the cross slide are mounted the clamping jaws 83, 84. One end of the jaw 83 is pivoted to lthe slide byA a pin 85 so that the other end may be swung freely upward, and also'adjusted by a screw 86, said adjusting screw passing through a threaded aperture in the jaw 81 and engaging the upper surface of the cross slide. The movable jaw 84 is pivotcd to the jaw'SS vby the pin 85; and the confronting faces of Vshaped The the jawsy are provided with notches 860, 860 to receive the work.

jaws are normally thrust apart by a compression spring 87 placed between the tree end of the jaw 84 and the pivoted end of the jaw 85, but said jaws are forced to gether by any suitable clamping mechanism, such as a screw pin 88 pivoted at 89 to the lower jaw 'and passing through g slot'in the jaw 84. A nut 90, on the threaded portionafter the latter has been rotated through.

77 to receive a ,cross lslide 78 the4 the twisting vise has reached the desired limit of its rotation, in one direction or the other. This mechanismcomprises a switch or controller, by which the circuits for supplying current to the motor are so regulated v or controlled that the twisting vise will be driven in the proper direction, and electric circuit breakers movable with the switch into thepath of movement of any one of a series of cam stops revolving in unison with the twisting vise, whereby the circuit will be broken when the said vise has been rotated through the desired arc. Secured to` /spring-tensioned pin 103 carried by the end of the switch-lever 101, and hold said lever in any one of a plurality of positions. Although the details may be greatly1 varied, I will describe the means which I have illustrated for mounting the pin.

Passed upwardly through the switch lever, there is a socket piece 104, through 'the lower end of which the pin 103 passes.

A collar 105 is secured tothe pin, against ywhich bears a spring 106 arranged in the socket. piece, its upper end Aabutting against a Isleeve 107 screwed into the upper end of th'el socket piece 104. A handle 108 of wood or 'other insulating material is screwed upon thfll projecting end of the socket piece to furnish means b which the switch lever may be swung a out its axis or pivot.` It will be noted in Fig. 19 that the switch contacts a, b, and c arev more remote radially from the pivot 10:2 for the switch arm than the contacts d, e and f. Secured to the un` der side of the', switch arm, there are contact members 109, 110, the former for making `electrical contact successively with the sta,-

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free end of this arm and in an `insulation block 112 secured therein are two'stationary contacts i113, 114 which project upwardly and do'gyf/nwardly from the block as shown. The contact 113 has an ezterision 115 to "which is secured a conductor 116 leading to one side of the motor, and to the contact 114 there is an extension 11T to which a conductor 118 is connected," the lastmentioned conductor passing l"upwardly through the hollow pivot or sleeve 102.

Pivoted to the hub or the lever 101 are two parallel circuit breakers. or levers 120, 121, which carry contacts 123, 124e, respec tively, for engagement. with the relat'vely stationary contacts 113, 114, the contact on'/ each lever being held 1n engagemnet withA its corresponding cbntact by a spring 125. The contact. 123 is ileXibly connected by a conductor 126 with the contact member 110, whereas the contact 1211 is connected by a similar conductor 127 with the contactmember 109. The two pairs of contacts 114 and 124, and 113 and 123, may be respectively opened or separated to break the circuit through the motor and thus cause the imn'iediate stopping of the same.

Cimnected to the contacts a', e and f is a conductor 12S, which, with the conductor 116, supplies current to the motor to cause the rotation o1 the armature thereof and drive the twisting vise in a. clockwise direr-tion. A like conductor 129 is connected to the three contacts a., tf and c so that through this conductor and the -conductor `113 a rotation of the armature of the motor is such as to rotate the twisting vise anticlockwise. Now it will be seen that, by swinging the handle or switch lever 101 in one direction or the other, current may be supplied to the motor to drive the twisting in the corresponding direction. Vhe/n the switch handle is in. its neutral position, no current is supplied to the motor, since the two' contacts 109, 110 are disengaged from their corresponding contacts a, l), c, and d, c, f. and the motor will remain at rest until the current is closed. But when either Contact 10S) pr 110 is in engagement with any one 'of its complemental contacts, cur-y rent will be supplied to the motor and the latter will continue to rotate the twisting vise. It is tor this reason that I provide the switch lever with the circuit breakers 120, 121, and the contacts mounted thereon. To operate the` circuit-breakerg provide a plurality of adjustable knock-oli cam stops, and into the 'oath of which the breakers are movable, which is movable with the twisting vise'. To this end, l secure to the gib 32 a segmental carrier 130 which extends through an arc of a little`l more than 1200. To the convex side or to the periphery7 of this carrier, I attach two series of staggered stops, one series for each of the circuit ,supplies current to the motor.

those which coperate With the circuit-i' breaker 121 are indicated'at 134, 135 .ail-d" 136. The two stops 131 and 134 operate their corresponding breaker arms so as to stop the rotation lof the twisting vise when the jaws thereof iare in exactly horizontal position, as shown in Fig. 5. The stops 132 and 135 breakithe circuits when'the jaws have reached an angle of exactly y30o to the horizontal, whereas the stops 133 and 136 stop the rotation of the twisting vise when the jaws thereof are at an anglo of 60c to the horizontal, all according to the direction of rotation of the twisting vise. The saidstops 131 to 136 are arranged in staggered position upon the carrier 130, as stated, and as shown in Fig. 21, so that when the twisting head is moving clockwise, the stops 134, 135 and 136 will move into engagement with or pass the arm 121 according to the position in which the switch lever may be located. When the switch lever is moved from its neutral position so that the pin 103 is in the socket j and the contact 110 is engaged with the contact d, the end of the circuit-breaker' 120 will he into position to be engaged by the stop 131 so as to break the circuit through the motor and stop the vise in a horizontal position.A By moving the switch lever 101 into engagement with the contacts e and f, the circuitsbreaker 120 will be brought successively into paths of the stops 132 and 133. Con'iversely, the switch arm 101 may be brought to close the circuit through the contacts c, b or a, and the circuitwbreaker 121 be set in the paths of either the stops 134, 135 and 136, as the case may be, so as to stop the rotation of the twisting vise with the jaws, either in a horizontal position at an angle of 30 or at an angle of 60L to the horizontal, From the foregoing, it will he readily seen, therefore, that by ,siting the switch lever the motor may be f rated to drive the twisting head or `vise in either direction, and that when the latter has rotated through the desired number of degrees, it will be brought to a state of rest automnticaily by breaking the circuit which As I have stated, however, any' other suitable stop mechanism (either electrical or mechanical) may be utilized in lieu of the one which I have herein described.

l will now describe how the machine may be operated in twisting a crankshaft fora.

los

six-cylinder gasolene motor, although it will arm 2153 between the jl that it is common practice to forge these .crank-shafts with the crank pins, the bearings and theA various crank arms all in a common planefas shown. in Fig. 9. The crank-shaft shown in this figure is formed with the bearings 0, p, q and r and with the crank pins s, t, u, 1J, w and The cheeks or crank arms are indicated respectively at 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 21e and 217. The tail vise is moved to the rea-r end of the machine. The cross slide is adjusted thereon to the proper position and the bearing r of the heated forging is clamped between the jaws thereon. The crank arm. Q11. is clam ed between the jaws of they holding vise a ter the latter has been adjusted to proper position and the crank arm 210 is clamped between the 'aws of the twisting vise, with the axis of t e crank pin centeredin alinement of the axis'of the twisting vise, the latter being at this time with its jaws in a horizontal osition; The controller or switch arm 101 1s set in position to start the rotation of the twisting vise anti-clockwise (looking at the'A machine from the head end thereof), and so that the rotation of the twisting vise will be stopped by the circuit-breaker after it lhas rotated through'an are of 30. The rotation of the twisting vise twists the crank pin s and swings the crank arm 2l0^into the posi tion shown in Fig. i0. Thereupon the clamps of the twisting vise and the holdingi vise are quickly released and the tail vise advanced to bring the crank arm 211 between the twisting vise and the holding vise,

and through the controlling mechanism the twisting vise is reversely rotated and the` jaws thereof are brought back to horizontal position. The tail vise is then advanced and adjusted laterally to place the crank arm 21,1 in the jaws of the twisting vise and the crank arm" 12 in the jaws of the holding vise, with the crank pin t axially in alinement with `the twisting vise. thereupon the twisting viso is again rotated anlirlockwise through an uro of 300 to twist the crank pin t and set the crank arm 2li in the position shown in Fig. l2. T he et? t si? this twist ls to bring the bearing o h k into alinexnent with the other bearings v upon, the clumps of ihn n ing visos ure again op again advanced a short f l crunk arms from the ing vise is again muri tion with the jaws th the tail vise is again ai, yu; o adjusted to place lhe the jaws of they twisY ilrwwllllv 'i hetiveeh e crank he holding" axially vise, with the. axis of the in alinement with the vise. Through the contr again rotated anti-cloekwise-through'an amr of on the axis of the bearing p, and, as a; result, the shaft in end elevatonfwill have the appearance shown in Fig 14. In likef manner, the crank shaft forging is advanced step by step and the remaimng bearings and crank Eins g, w, and a: twisted suve'ly throng arcs of 60, 30 and 30i1ra=eloek wise direction, this varying, however, 11c-Y cording to the design `of the shaft` During all of this operation, which L have thusde scribed, the end bearing rremains firmly clamped in the tail. vise and thel forging is supported by the latter as it; is'heingA arl-'f vanced through the holding and' twisting vises. ln order to prevent the engagement of the shoulders with the stationary jaws of the last-mentioned vises, the tail' vise* is pivoted so that a lever or pinch bar may be inserted under its rear' endto lift it and theI forging high enough for the shoulders on the forging to pass freely the stationary jaws of the holding and twisting vices.

It will be understood that all'of the' operations which I have desoribedl as being. [iler-f formed upon the forgin are accomp lis ed `after a singleheating o vthe forging, these operations being performed with great rapidity and with nicety and accuracy. since the forging is highly heated while the :various operations thereon are being perbelow it, so that the worm and worm wheel' will always intermesh, notwithstanding the expansion and contraction of the annular carrier of the twisting vise.

l. In a machine for twisting crank shafts having bear/ings and crank pins, a hollow head, means for rotating it, jaws extending across the said head on opposite sides of the axis thereof and movable one toward the other to clamp the work between them, and means for securing said jaws to said head to leave an unobstructed space be tween the jaws oneither side of said airisl for the transverse adjustment of the work erosswisc of the head to bring anyvcrank pin or bearing:l in ulinement with said head.

EZ. AA machine for twiustinn` crank lshafts having hem-ings and crank pins. comprising a rotatable twisting visea holding vise, u bed on which said visos are mounted, sairl twisting vise consistingmf a hollow head, jaws on the end thereof crossing the opening therethrough on both sides of the axis and having an unobstructed space between their faces for the transverse adjustment of the crank shaft crosswise of the head to perinit any pin or bearing to be positioned in shaft to be moved longitudinally of, said4 space to locate a crank pin or a bearing thereof in alinement with the axis of the twisting vise.

4. A machine for twisting the crank pins and bearings of crank shafts, comprising a rotatable twisting vise and a holding vise each having a pair of clamping jaws spaced to provide a transverse adjustment of said shaft to locate any pin or bearing in axial alinementwith the twisting vise, a bed for supporting said vises, means for eii'ecting the rotation in either direction of the twisting vise, and means for supporting and transversely adjusting said shaft with relation to the holding and twisting vises.

5. A machine for twisting the crank pins and bearings of crank shafts, comprising a rotatable twisting vise and a holding vise each having a pair of clamping jaws spaced to provide a transverse adjustment of said shaft to locate any pin or bearing in axial alinement with the twisting vise, a bedv for supporting said vises, means for effecting the rotation in either direction of the twisting vise, transversely movable means for holding and transversely adjusting said shaft with relation to the holding and twisting vises, and mechanism for effecting' a relative longitudinal movement of said holding and twisting visos n and said transversely movable means, to locate the crank arms of said shaft successively in said holding and twistingT visos.

6. A machine oi the character referred to comprising a. non-rotary vise having clamps for engaging a crank shaft, a rotatable twisting vise having clamps for engaging the crank shaft, means for rotating the twisting vise in one direction or the other, a tail vise having clamps for engaging the crank sha it, and means for moving said tail vise laterally to adjust the crank shaft relatively to the holding and twisting viscs` 7. A machine for twisting crank-shafts .comprising a vise for engaging one crank arm of a canlcshaft, a vise for engaging another crank arm of said shaft, means for rotating one of said vises to twist a portion oi the shaft hetwecn said crank arms, clamp' ing jaws on each of said visos having an unobstructed space between them to permit a lateral adjustment of the crank shaft for bringing any bearing or crank pin into alinement with the twisting vise, and means for locking the jaws of each vise upon the shaft.

8. A machine of thev character referred to comprising a holding vise, a twisting vise, a hed upon which said vises are mounted, and means on said bed for moving the work longitudinally and laterally `relatively to said vises.

9. A machineof the character referred to comprising a bed, a head journaled on said bed with its Aaxis longitudinal of said bed, clampingjaws carried by said carrier, means for rotating said carrier, a second carrier on said bed, means for moving one of said carriers longitudinally relatively to the other, a cross slide on the second carrier, and a work clamp on said cross slide.

10. A machine of the character referred to comprising a bed, an annular carrier jour? naled on said bed with its axis longitudinalof said bed, clamping-jaws carried by said carrier, means for rotating said carrier, a carriage slidable longitudinally on said bed toward and from said carrier, clam ing-jaws on said carrier, a tail carriage slida le longitudinally on said bed, a cross slide on the tail carriage and a work clamp on said cross slide.

11. A machine of the character referred to comprising a bed, a twisting vise journaled thereon with its axis longitudinal of the bed and having jaws for engaging a crank arm of a crankshaft, a holding vise on said bed having means forfcentering that portion of the/shaft to be twisted in axial alinement with the twisting vise, and also having jaws for engaging the said shaft, and means for rotating the twisting vise in either dire`cti`0n.'

l2. A machine of the character referred to comprising a bed., a twisting vise journaled thereon with'its axis longitudinal of the bed and having jaws for engaginga crank arm of a crank-shaft, a holding vise on said bed having means for centering that portion of the shaft to be twisted in axial l alinement with the twisting vise, and also having jaws for engaging the saidshaft, means for rotating the twisting vise in either direction, and means for moving one of said vises longitudinally of said axis.

13. A machine of the character referred to comprising a bed, a twisting vise journaled thereon with its axis longitudinal of the hed and having jaws for engaging a crank arm of a crankshaft, a holding vise on said hed havin jaws for engagin4 the said shaft, means or rotating the twisting vise in either direction, and a tail vise on 1 the hed movable both longitudinally and laterally to locate the work in the first-mentioned vises.

14. A machine for twisting the crank pins and hearings of a crank shaft comprising a holding vise for engaging one `crank arm of a crank-shaft, a twisting vise for engaging another crank arm of the work, each of said vises having jaws for engaging said crank arms and for receiving said crank arms with any crank pin or bearingx of said shaft in axial alinement with t e twisting vise, means for rotating said twistin vise in either direction through arcs o varying length, and means for automatically stopping the rotation of said twisting vise in either direction at predetermined points.

15. A machine for twisting the crank pins and bearings of a crank shaft comprising a holdin vise for engaging one crankarm of a cran (-shaft, a twisting vise for iengaging' another crank arm of the work, each of said vises having jaws for engaging said crank arms and for receiving said crank arms with any crank pin or bearing of said shaft in axial alinement with t e twisting vise, means for rotating said twisting vise in either direction through arcs of varying length, and automatic means controlled by the twisting vise for stopping the rotation of said twisting vise when the work has been twisted through a predetermined arc of movement in either direction.

16. machine of the character referred to comprising a bed, a holding visethereon, a twisting vise thereon, means for rotating the twisting vise in either direction, a plurality of stops rotatable simultaneously with the twisting vise, and means cooperating with said stops for automatically stopping the rotation of the twisting vise in either direction, at any one of several predetermined points in its rotation.

17. A machine for twisting crank shafts, comprising a holding vise and a rotatable twisting vise, cach of said vises having jaws for engaging the crank arms and for receiving said arms with any pin or bearing of said shaft in axial alinement with the twisting vise, mechanism for rotating said twistin ,gr vise, and mechanism including a pluialityY of stops, for automatically stopping the rotation ol' the twisting head at any one of several predetermined points in its rotation.

18. A machine for twisting crank shafts, comprising :i holding vise and a rotatable twisting vise, each of said visos having jaws for engaging the crank arms and :for receiving said arms with any pin or bearing of said shaft in axial alinement with the twisting vise, mechanism for rotatin said twisting vise in either direction, an mechanism for stopping the rotation in either direction of said twisting vise at predetermined points comprising a controller for determining the direction of rotation of said twisting vise, knock-off devices, and a plurality of stops.

19. A machine of the character referred to comprising a holding vise, a rotatable twist'- ing vise, work-engaging jaws on each of said vises, means for rotating the twisting vise, and means for centerin that portion of the work to be twisted in t 1e axis of the twisting vise.

20. A machine for twisting the crank shaft for three or six cylinder motors, comprising a rotatable twisting vise including an annular head and clamping jaws extending across said head on both sides of the axis thereof and separated to have an elongated space between them extending diametrlcally across the head, a holding vise having simllarly spaced jaws, means for causing said jaws to clamp the crank arms of the crank shaft, means for rotating the twisting vise in different directions, means for controlling the direction of rotation of said twisting vise, and mechanism for determining the length of the arc of rotation of said twis ing vise.

21. ln a machine for twisting the crank pins and bearings of a crank shaft, comprising a rotatable hollow carrier, and jaws mounted on said carrier, and extending when in locked position substantially in parallelism across said carrier, sind jaws providing an open slot fliametrically of the carrier whereby the crank shaft may be bodily' adjusted transversely of the axis of the carrier to locate any pin or bearing of said shaft in axial alinement with said carrier, in combination with means for effecting such bodily adjustment of said shaft, and a bed on which said carrier and said means are supported.

ln testimony whereoll I have ailixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES C. DODGE. l/Vitnesses Joris BROCKLEBANK, J. O. LINDGREN. 

